ONCOLOGY AREA

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Despite advances in screening and treatment, it remains a major health challenge. Molecular profiling, including RAS/BRAF status and MSI, now guides first-line treatment decisions.
Anti-EGFR therapies benefit RAS wild-type left-sided tumors, while immunotherapy shows promise for MSI-high cases. The shift toward biomarker-driven, personalized care is improving outcomes, especially in metastatic CRC. Continued research and equitable access to innovation are
key to reducing the global burden of CRC.

Bladder cancer is the tenth most common cancer worldwide, with over 570,000 new cases and 212,000 deaths reported annually. It is more common in men and older adults, with the highest incidence seen in developed countries. Key risk factors include tobacco use, occupational exposure to carcinogens, and arsenic in drinking water. Smoking alone accounts for nearly half of all cases. While early detection and treatment have improved outcomes in high-income regions, low- and middle-income countries continue to face challenges. Public health strategies focusing on prevention, especially tobacco control, and better access to care are vital for reducing the global burden of bladder cancer.